Тема:
Изучающее чтение с элементами анализа информации

Вопрос:

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Solid
1. Solid is one of the major states of matter. It is characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume. Unlike a liquid, a solid object does not flow to take on the shape of its container, nor does it expand to fill the entire volume available to it like a gas does. The atoms in a solid are tightly bound to each other, either in a regular geometric lattice or irregularly one.
2. The branch of physics that deals with solids is called solid-state physics, and is the main branch of condensed matter physics (which also includes liquids). Materials science is primarily concerned with the physical and chemical properties of solids. Solid-state chemistry is especially concerned with the synthesis of novel materials, as well as the science of identification and chemical composition.
3. The forces between the atoms in a solid can take a variety of forms. For example, a crystal of sodium chloride (common salt) is made up of ionic sodium and chlorine, which are held together by ionic bonds. In diamond or silicon, the atoms share electrons and form covalent bonds. In metals, electrons are shared in metallic bonding. Some solids, particularly most organic compounds, are held together with van der Waals forces resulting from the polarization of the electronic charge cloud on each molecule. The dissimilarities between the types of a solid result from the differences between their bonding.

Ответы:
+ This is due to the type of a chemical bond a certain solid possesses.

 This happens due to certain amount of electrons in a solid.

 It is influenced by its structural rigidity and resistance to any changes.

 It depends on different types of lattices of solids.
Решение:
Чтобы правильно выполнить задание, следует знать алгоритм обработки текстовой информации при изучающем чтении, уметь анализировать получаемую информацию и, читая текст, находить ответ на поставленный вопрос.
Правильный ответ на вопрос «Почему существуют различные виды твердых тел?» – «This is due to the type of a bond a certain solid possesses» («Это зависит от типа связи в конкретном твердом теле»), поскольку согласно тексту: «The dissimilarities between the types of solid result from the differences between their bonding» («Различия между твердыми телами являются результатом различий их связей») (фрагмент 3).
ответ тест i-exam