Тема:
Изучающее чтение с выделением главных компонентов содержания текста

Вопрос:

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Electricity
1. Electricity is a flow of negative charges called electrons. These electric charges are measured in units called coulombs. Electricity is a very versatile form of energy that can be converted into many other forms of energy, including light and heat, direct current (DC), which flows in one direction only, and alternating current (AC), which changes direction 60 times per second.
2. An electric circuit is an unbroken conducting path from, and back to, a power supply. It has three main parts: the power supply, the conductor, and the load. The power is provided by a generator or battery, the conductor carries the current, and the load is an electric device such as a lamp.
3. Unlike current electricity, static electricity does not flow. It is created when an electrically neutral substance loses or gains electrons, making it, respectively, positively or negatively charged. You can create static electricity by rubbing a balloon on your clothing. Electrons will move from the clothing to the balloon, making the balloon negatively charged and the clothing positively charged. The resulting static electricity on each will attract small, light objects such as pieces of paper.

Ответы:
+ Electricity is a very changeable energy form being presented by different kinds.

 It is a scientifically proved fact that electricity is a flow of negative charges called electrons.

 There exist different kinds of electricity, electrical properties of which being quite alike.

 Electricity is a versatile form of energy that can be converted into many other energy forms.
Решение:
Чтобы правильно выполнить задание, следует знать алгоритм обработки текстовой информации и, прочитав текст, выделить главные компоненты содержания текста, то есть определить основную идею текстовой информации.
В тексте говорится о том
1) в чем сущность электричества («Electricity is a flow of negative charges called electrons» – фрагмент 1);
2) что электричество – это очень изменчивая форма энергии («Electricity is a very versatile form of energy that can be converted into many other forms of energy, including light and heat, direct current (DC)… and alternating current (AC)…» – фрагмент 1), представленная различными видами электричества («…direct current (DC)… and alternating current (AC)» – фрагмент 1; «…static electricity does not flow… The resulting static electricity… will attract small, light objects…» – фрагмент 3);
3) что представляет собой электрическая цепь (фрагмент 2).
Таким образом, правильный вариант ответа – «Electricity is a very changeable energy form being presented by different kinds» («Электричество – это очень изменчивая форма энергии, представленная несколькими видами»).
ответ тест i-exam