College education in the USA is aimed at the development of ______ skills.

Ответы:

+ vocational

− literal

− oral

− long-term

Решение:

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить задание, следует знать учебную лексику, уметь использовать ее в заданном контексте и перевести варианты ответов:
vocational – профессиональный;
literal – буквенный;
oral – устный;
long-term – долгосрочный.
Согласно контексту, только вариант ответа vocational является правильным: «Обучение в колледжах США направлено на развитие профессиональных навыков».
ответ тест i-exam

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Preservice education
1. The first stage of preservice education is the study of one or more principal subjects that the student is preparing to teach. For example, students in many colleges of education in England study only one principal subject, to which they devote about one-third of their total time. In the United States, the first two years of college or university work may include some principal subjects. Both patterns have their critics, the first because it produces narrow intellectual specialists, the second because it encourages dilettantism and inadequate depth.
2. The second stage of preservice education includes the study of philosophy, sociology, history of education, and educational psychology. These courses contribute to the student’s general education and personal development as well as providing him with knowledge of differences in individual educability or educational opportunity.
3. The third stage of preservice education includes the study of teaching methods, that is, the set of special methods and principles that are used when teaching a particular subject. 4. The last stage of preservice education is teaching practice, usually carried own in model schools attached to colleges or universities. For example, a typical model school for medical students is a teaching hospital, where they receive practical training from experienced doctors.
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At 16 pupils take a national exam called "GCSE" (General Certificate of Secondary Education) and then they can leave school if they wish. This is the end of compulsory education.
Some 16-year-olds continue their studies in the sixth form at school or at a sixth form college. The sixth form prepares pupils for a national exam called "A" level (advanced level) at 18. You need "A" level to enter a university. Other 16-year-olds choose to go to a college of further education to study for more practical (vocational) diplomas relating to the world of work, such as hairdressing, typing or mechanics.
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Why do you need advanced level exam?

Education in the United Kingdom is compulsory from the age of five to sixteen. Children under five go either to nursery schools, or to playgroups. The main aim of such kind of establishments is to make the children ready for primary schools.
Compulsory education for all children begins at the age of five. There are 35,000 state schools in Britain. All of them are the responsibility of the Local Educational Authorities (LEA).
Primary school is for children from five to eleven. At first the studies are more like playing than working. Lessons usually last from nine in the morning till four or five in the afternoon with a long break at the lunchtime.
At the age of eleven pupils go to comprehensive schools. They study Maths, English, Arts, English Literature, Geography, one or two foreign languages, usually French, Italian or German, PE (Physical Education), IT (Information Technology), Religion, Science, Biology, Sex Education and other subjects.
At the end of their studies they take General Certificate of Secondary Education examinations (GCSE) 0-level, and then they either leave school and start working or continue their studies at school or at college for two more years. This is called the sixth form at school or the sixth form college, and the students take only the subjects they need for entering the university of their choice.
At the age of eighteen they take GCSE A-level. There are no entrance exams to universities, so the students can enter a university or a college on the results of their A-level examinations.
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At what age do children go to primary school?

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At college the student will eventually specialize in one area of study such as Mathematics, Science, History, Literature, Theology, Computer or a Foreign Language. At the end of four years of studying he or she will earn a Bachelor degree. The student who wants to continue his (her) education after college may work to earn a Master’s or doctoral degree.

There is no federal educational standard in the USA. Schooling and educational programmes are the responsibility of each state; this is why one can find great differences in education from state to state. No uniform demands exist on education in schools or universities throughout the nation. In most states attending school is obligatory for children between six and seventeen. Secondary education institutions include elementary schools and high schools.
Higher education in the USA is not nation-wide. Colleges differ a lot from each other in scale and level of education as well as in the “quality” of diplomas given. There are private and state universities. Private education is considered more prestigious. The most famous private university is Harvard. Higher education is rather expensive in the USA.
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Why can we find great differences in education from state to state?