Тема:
Изучающее чтение с элементами анализа информации

Вопрос:

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
                                                    Mixed economies
1. A mixed economy contains elements of both market and planned economies. At one extreme we have a command economy, which does not allow individuals to make economic decisions, at the other extreme we have a free market, where individuals exercise considerable economic freedom of choice without any government restrictions. Between these two extremes lies a mixed economy.
2. In mixed economies some resources are controlled by the government whilst others are used in response to the demands of consumers. Technically, all the economies of the world are mixed. Some countries are nearer to command economies, while others are closer to free market economies.
3. The aim of mixed economies is to avoid the disadvantages of both systems while enjoying the benefits that they both offer. So, in a mixed economy the government and the private sector interact in solving economic problems. The state controls the share of the output through taxation and transfer payments and intervenes to supply essential items such as health, education and defence, while private firms produce cars, furniture, electrical items and similar, less essential products.
4. The UK is a country with mixed economy. Some services are provided by the state (for example, health care and defence) whilst a range of privately owned businesses offer other goods and services.

Ответы:
+ Its purpose is to avoid the disadvantages of market and planned economies and to use the advantages these economies both have.

 Its purpose is to avoid the benefits that both market and planned economies offer and to use their strong points.

 Its purpose is to use the disadvantages of market and planned economies while enjoying their strong points.

 Its purpose is to use both the advantages and disadvantages of market and planned economies.
Решение:
Для того чтобы правильно выполнить задание, следует знать алгоритм обработки текстовой информации при изучающем чтении, уметь анализировать получаемую информацию и, читая текст, находить ответ на поставленный вопрос.
Правильный ответ на вопрос «В чем состоит цель экономики смешанного типа?» – «Its purpose is to avoid the disadvantages of market and planned economies and to use the advantages these economies both have» («Ee цель в том, чтобы избежать отрицательных моментов плановой и рыночной экономики, используя их положительные стороны»), так как согласно тексту: «The aim of mixed economies is to avoid the disadvantages of both systems (market and planned economies) while enjoying the benefits that they both offer» («Цель экономики смешанного типа в том, чтобы избежать отрицательных моментов обеих систем (рыночной и плановой экономики), в то же время пользуясь предлагаемыми этими системами преимуществами») (фрагмент 3).
ответ тест i-exam